Introduction to wind energy systems Research Paper

Prologue to wind vitality frameworks - Research Paper Example Coal and atomic vitality have unfriendly natural effects in spite of being instances of elective wellsprings of vitality. Wind power looks incredibly encouraging as much as it has similarly significant expenses. As indicated by Johnson (14) a commonplace breeze vitality framework has a turbine which attempts to bridle active vitality and convert it into usable force. A breeze vitality framework can likewise be joined with a sunlight based board. The acquaintance of a sun based board with the breeze vitality framework should expand by and large productivity as far as force age. At the end of the day, these two advances supplement each other. This force gives power to ranches, homes, schools and business foundations. Site determination is significant so that, for a little home, the site ought to be the greater part a section of land of land and the breeze speed ought to be in any event 16km/h (Johnson, 5). The size of the turbine to be introduced enormously relies upon vitality utilization; for example, homes require littler turbines when contrasted with business foundations. It follows that the littler the turbines the lesser the commotion delivered. The sound created can without much of a stretch be contrasted with the murmuring of leaves as the breeze blows past them. Wind vitality frameworks can either be on-matrix or off-lattice. The off-matrix framework happens when a home or business venture thoroughly depends on the force produced by turbines and it is totally separated from the electric service organization. Studies uncover that this framework is 30% more expensive than on-network. This framework is comprised of a breeze turbine mounted on a pinnacle (Appstate). The pinnacle is normally wired up to a control box which attempts to manage battery charging. Ecomall accepts that an electric utility is relied upon to offer credit to the proprietor if a lattice tie power framework sends its power to the open matrix. The electric organization will summarize the month to month acknowledges to decide the measure of cash owed to the proprietor of the breeze vitality framework;

Museum of Natural History: Holden’s World Essay

â€Å"The best thing, however, in that historical center was that everything consistently remained right where it was.† â€Holden. In the story Catcher in the Rye, creator J.D Salinger conveys numerous reasons that show how solid the imagery of the Museum of Natural History is. The Museum of Natural History holds nostalgic incentive to Holden. That spot is the place Holden spent his adolescence and held numerous recollections. The imagery of the Museum of Natural History can be found in numerous parts of the story, which is the reason it happens to be the most significant and most grounded image in the novel. The portrayal of the Museum of Natural History that Holden gives, can represent the mentality of Holden. Holden portrays the historical center as: â€Å"The best thing, however, in that exhibition hall was that everything consistently remained right where it was. Nobody’d move. . . . Nobody’d be unique. The main thing that would be diverse would be you.â €  Inferring to the statement shows that Holden doesn't care for change. Individuals that change are â€Å"phonies† to Holden. â€Å"Phonies† are fakes or individuals that don't remain the equivalent. Holden has numerous recollections of the exhibition hall on the grounds that the multiple occasions he needed to go there for fieldtrips. In Chapter 16 and 17, Holden goes off about the Eskimos and Indians. The presentations are solidified to Holden, they are consistently there and consistently remain the equivalent. He could pass judgment on the showcases, yet they couldn't pass judgment on him back. Another route, wherein the imagery is appeared through the Museum of Natural History is the examination of the Museum and the Real World. To Holden the Museum of Natural History is the world he might want to live in, however truly there in no such world. The world he needs is much the same as the historical center. The exhibition hall never shows signs of change, consistently remains The equivalent, and is something that can't pass judgment on him. This likewise takes after the universe of the â€Å"Catcher in the Rye.† The universe of the â€Å"Catcher in the Rye† is a position of blamelessness and no change. The tragic thing about this is there is no world like that. In all actuality, the world, individuals, and things change. Changing is a piece of human life and is someth ing that consistently happens. Holden doesn't care for reality since things change and don't remain the equivalent. Holden doesn't care for â€Å"phonies† or individuals with truculent mentalities. The Museum of the Natural History and the Real World show the world that Holden needs to live and the world he as of now lives in But later on, reality and change become things that Holden before long needs to figure it out. The last perspective that shows the imagery of the Museum of Natural History is when Holden advises his sister Phoebe to meet him at the historical center. This even can be recognized uncommon from various perspectives. The general purpose of the gathering was for Holden to give back the cash to his sister Phoebe. Returning, Phoebe had gave him the cash since he requested it. Holden had cried in light of the fact that his sister came through for him and consistently appeared to be there when he required somebody. Holden advises to Phoebe meet him at the exhibition hall to restore the cash. He picks the exhibition hall as a gathering place since how significant that spot is to him. This spot never shows signs of change until Holden investigates the divider in the Mummy Exhibit. It had cuss words that irritated him and drove him crazy. In light of the cuss word composed on the divider, Holden blacks out. He blacks out in light of the fact that the one spot he thought was â€Å"phony free† changed. This turns into the zenith of when Holden begins to acknowledge things change. To summarize, the story Catcher in the Rye by J.D Sallinger shows numerous reasons on why the Museum of Natural History is the most significant image in the novel. The Museum of Natural History shows a lot of significant in light of the fact that the importance and effect it has on Holden. The three viewpoints that imagery is appeared through the Museum of Natural History are: the portrayal of the exhibition hall, the centrality of the gallery as a gathering place, and the examination of the historical center and this present reality.

Erickson stages of child development Essay

Erik Erikson’s hypothesis of psychosocial improvement is outstanding amongst other known speculations of character in brain science. Erikson accepted that character creates in a progression of stages. Erikson’s hypothesis depicts the effect of social experience over the entire life expectancy. Erikson hypothesis centers around physical, passionate, and mental phases of improvement. As indicated by Erikson character created in eight formative stages all through life expectancy and the need of each stage must be met or settled before the transition to the following stage. In the event that individual needs are not met in a specific stage, it will influence the individual further down the road. Erikson’s phases of improvement evaluation discoveries of each age gathering and potential discoveries a medical caretaker may find incorporates: Infancy (birth to year and a half): Trust versus Mistrust. Kids start to become familiar with the capacity to believe others dependent on the consistency of their caregiver(s). In the event that trust grows effectively, the youngster picks up certainty and security in his general surroundings and can have a sense of safety in any event, when undermined. Ineffective culmination of this stage can bring about a failure to trust, and along these lines a feeling of dread about the conflicting scene. It might bring about uneasiness, uplifted instabilities, and an over sentiment of doubt in their general surroundings. Youth (2 to 3 years): Autonomy versus disgrace and uncertainty . Youngsters start to declare their autonomy, by leaving their mom, picking which toy to play with, and settling on decisions about what they like to wear, to eat, and so forth. In the event that kids in this stage are energized and upheld in their expanded freedom, they become increasingly certain and secure in their own capacity to make due on the planet. On the off chance that youngsters are censured, excessively controlled, or not allowed the chance to champion themselves, they start to feel insufficient in their capacity to endure, and may then turn out to be excessively needy upon others, need confidence, and feel a feeling of disgrace or uncertainty in their own capacities. Preschool (3 to 5 years): Initiative versus blame. Kids advocate for themselves all the more every now and again. They start to design exercises, make up games, and start exercises with others. Whenever given thisâ opportunity, youngsters build up a feeling of activity, and have a sense of safety in their capacity to lead others and decide. Then again, if this inclination is crushed, either through analysis or control, youngsters build up a feeling of blame. They may feel like an annoyance to other people and will accordingly remain devotees, ailing in self-activity. Young (6 to 11 years): Industry versus mediocrity. Youngsters start to build up a feeling of pride in their achievements. They start ventures, oversee them to finish, and like what they have accomplished. During this time, instructors assume an expanded job in the child’s advancement. In the event that youngsters are energized and fortified for their drive, they start to feel productive and feel certain about their capacity to accomplish objectives. In the event that this activity isn't supported, on the off chance that it is confined by guardians or instructor, at that point the kid starts to feel second rate, questioning his own capacities and consequently may not arrive at his latent capacity. Immaturity (12 to 18 years): Identity versus job disarray. During pre-adulthood, the change from youth to adulthood is generally significant. Kids are getting increasingly free, and start to take a gander at the future as far as profession, connections, families, lodging, and so on. During this period, they investigate potential outcomes and start to shape their own character dependent on the result of their investigations. This feeling of what their identity is can be upset, which brings about a feeling of disarray (â€Å"I don’t recognize what I need to be the point at which I develop up†) about themselves and their job on the planet. Achievement in this stage prompts a capacity to remain valid and being engaged while disappointment prompts job disarray and a feeble feeling of self or befuddled. Youthful Adulthood (19 to 40 years): Intimacy versus disconnection. Youthful grown-ups need to shape cozy, adoring associations with others. We investigate connections driving toward longer term responsibilities with somebody other than a relative. Effective fruition can prompt agreeable connections and a feeling of responsibility, wellbeing, and care inside a relationship. Staying away from closeness, dreading responsibility and connections can prompt seclusion, dejection, and in some cases sorrow. Center Adulthood (40 to 65 years): Generativity versus. Stagnation During center adulthood, we build up our vocations, settle down inside a relationship, start our own families and build up a feeling of being a piece of the master plan. We give back toâ society through bringing up our kids, being beneficial grinding away, and getting associated with network exercises and associations. This prompts sentiments of handiness and achievement. By neglecting to accomplish these targets, we become stale and feel inefficient. Development (65 to death): Ego uprightness versus despair. As we become more established and become senior residents, we will in general lull our efficiency, and investigate life as a resigned individual. It is during this time we ponder our achievements and can create trustworthiness on the off chance that we consider ourselves to be having an effective existence. On the off chance that we consider our to be as inefficient, feel coerce about our pasts, or feel that we didn't achieve our life objectives, we become disappointed with life and create despair, frequently prompting melancholy and sadness. Outline of how medical caretakers would deal with physical appraisal, assessments, instruction and correspondence diversely with kids versus grown-ups. As per ( Javis 2012), Assessment is the assortment of information about the individual wellbeing state. Edelman and Mandle ( 2010), characterized wellbeing evaluation as an instrument used to distinguish medical issue of a person through appropriate physical assessment, screening, wellbeing histo ry which empower social insurance supplier to have knowledge of the individual issue. Appraisal helps in directing the genuine determination by recognizing the signs and side effects of the illness, knowing the patient societies and convictions will likewise help in creating legitimate human services plan for compelling consideration conveyance and wellbeing advancement. As indicated by (Javis 2012), Children can't hand-off data concerning their medical issue contrasted with grown-ups because of their formative stage. The attendant relies upon the guardians or parental figures to get wellbeing data identifying with the kids. The youngster perception and the parent meeting ought to be all around recorded. As indicated by (Javis 2012), performing wellbeing evaluation to babies may not be simple; head to toe appraisal in a little child may not be in grouping. Tolerance is required by the medical attendant in directing physical evaluation in a kid. Medical attendants regularly increase great compatibility with youngsters by giving toys, paper and colored pencil to them. Medical caretakers figuring out how to pick up assent both in grown-ups and in youngsters will help in legitimate physical evaluation of everybody and these incorporates: The skin: Assess for Birthmarks, pigmentation or shading change, skin malady, for example, rashes, injury and skin break out. Changes in the nail shape and wounds. Head: Assess forâ hair surface, alopecia, head injury, unsteadiness and cerebral pain. Eyes: Assess for glasses use, the date of last eye visit to you specialist. Check for redness, seepage, understudy size, student response, waterfall, glaucoma, torment. Ear: Assess for any ear issues, for example, seepage, myringotomy tubes in ears, cerumen, ringing in the ear. Nose and Sinuses: Evaluate for visit cod, nose drain, nasal firmness and any sensitivities. Mouth and Throat: Evaluate for congenital fissure and sense of taste, caries, wounds in the mouth, tongue and throat, mouth breathing, trouble in biting, gulping and raspiness voice. Neck: Evaluate for swollen organs and constraint of developments. Bosom: Evaluate for any areola release, torment or any bosom infection. Preadolescents and youths pose inquiries like when did they saw bosom changes in their body. Respiratory: Survey for wheezing or boisterous breathing, brevity of breath, ceaseless hack, croup or history of asthma. Cardiovascular: Survey the state of the chest divider; auscultate to direct ordinary heart sounds or strange heart sound, for example, mumble. Survey for heart palpitation, dyspnea on effort, frigidity in furthest points and typical or unusual circulatory strain. Gastro-intestinal System: Evaluate for stomach torment, visit queasiness/spewing, visit defecations, the stool electorate loose bowels or obstruction, utilization of intestinal medicines, rectal draining and history of pinworms. Urinary System: Evaluate for history of urinary tract disease, oliguria/polyuria, pee shading. Request any arranged latrine preparing for the kid, when it began. Is the kid bedwetting? Do you know whether there is any factor related with this? Male genital System: Survey the penis for torment. Check for injuries, seepage, expanding, hernia in the scrotum during crying. Preadolescents and young people young men survey for pubescence changes and any sexual maltreatment. Female genital System: Evaluate for genital tingling, vaginal releases, and rashes. Check for sexual maltreatment. Preadolescents and youths inquire as to whether their period has begun. Sexual Health: Evaluate for explicitly transmitted infection, for example, gonorrhea/syphilis, herpes, chlamydia, HIV/AIDS. Inquire as to whether the preadolescents or the youthful are into a relationship including sex. Did she or he think about explicitly transmitted maladies? Evaluate how a youngster responds towards the other gender. Musculoskeletal System: Evaluate for bone and joint agony, expanding, joint inflammation, firmness, restricted development, coordination and stride quality. Evaluate for muscle quality, torment, cramps, shortcoming, pose, spinal bend. Neurological System: Evaluate for deadness and shivering sensation. Psychological capacities, mental impediments and cerebral paralysis. Hematologic System: Evaluate for over the top wounding, expanding of the lymph hubs, presentation to harmful ag

Childhood Trauma - Free Essay Example

Abstract Since the last TED talk assignment, I have watched several others in my spare time and have actually enjoyed them, but this one has hit close to home for me. In this discussion, Pediatrician Nadine Burke Harris explains that the repeated stress of abuse, neglect and parents struggling with mental health or substance abuse issues has real and life-long effects on the development of the brain. Childhood trauma is not something you just get over as you grow up. It will continue to impact you for the rest of your lifetime, to the point where those who have experienced high levels of trauma are at triple the risk for heart disease and lung cancer. Most childhood trauma stems from family issues like domestic violence, abuse, neglect, divorce, mental or physical illness of a family member, even a death of a family member. We are first socialized in our family and conditioned from a young age by what we see, hear, and experience in our family. So, if we grow up in a place where are family is causing trauma at such a critical time in our development, what does that do to our mental state as well as our health state? In this TED talk, Dr. Burke made it so important for us to see first-hand on how trauma really does affect a persons health and how the trauma will follow them all throughout life. Using myself as an example, I came from a childhood where my parents divorced at a very important time in my life and my father would begin a toxic relationship. Later on, this would lead to verbal and mental abuse. At the time it felt as if I were alone and nobody would understand, but in 2013 alone, 679,000 U.S children were found to be victims of abuse at least once during that year (Textbook page 179). From my own understanding of this subject, trauma is why we are the way we are. It has all to do with the way we view ourselves, our responses to daily conflict and what limits we impose upon our self. Each day, my routine is dictated by these events that happened years ago. Every choice of good or bad, is even dictated by same. In my case, I was trained to believe that I am nothing and that I must limit and try to deny all basic needs. Now I understand why I spend most of my time, thought, and efforts to prove them all wrong. I understand why I am a workaholic, always deny help, and deny myself pleasures and much more. Listening to Dr. Burke talk about the effects of abuse really let me realize how still to this day that I have the same fears that I had when I was a child. This fear that is generated from different situations have really been an obstacle in my overall development. As for the health issues Im facing at the moment, they could be connected to the fact that I never got help or saw a psychiatrist for the trauma I faced. I now have suffered through IBS from the age of 13 and a generalized anxiety disorder from the age of 12. As I age, I will have a higher risk of developing more diseases such as diabetes, lung disease, malnutrition and vision problems (Textbook page 180). Dr. Burke spoke upon th e numerous harmful effects that trauma causes to childrens brains and how it will affect them later on into adulthood. Childhood trauma, just like other social problems, cannot be eradicated and neither can the causes of it, sadly. However, it surely can be lessened in degree and in prevalence. Family problems occur more frequently than people may think. We should first try to solve family problems because most of the time they are where the trauma comes from. Some people might say that family problems can stay inside the family, that they should be addressed within the family, but in my opinion thats not the case us. It is our job and our societys to vigorously react to them in order to stop things before they become traumatizing. A shocking statistic by Childhelp.org, is a report of child abuse is made every ten seconds. Just remember, they are near us, they live with us, and they can be everywhere. Two questions I have related to this subject: 1. Do mental illnesses such as schizophrenia have anything to do with past traumas? I work at a nursing home where a few of my residents are and so I thought it would be interesting to know if it is something that you are born with and it gradually progresses or if its something else? 2. If someone is pregnant during traumatic times, will that affect the baby? I can see it having things such as birth defects, premature birth, etc. But are there any studies showing if the baby will have a higher risk of mental illness? 3. In the TED talk, Dr. Burke says they get a point for every ACE. Do they find different outcomes for different ACEs considered separately? Such as if a parent gets a divorce in order to protect herself and her children from being exposed to abuse or neglect? (In my opinion, leaving the abusive situation would surely have better outcomes than staying in it, but I dont know much about the ACE.)

The Merchant Of Venice And The Crucible - 1337 Words

Ashwin Thomas Ms. Dunlop ENG 2D1 22 December 2015 Resentment, the cause of destruction Power is something that every human would like to acquire. The desire to earn power can be so important for some individuals that they use violence to acquire it. Violence can often cause jealousy, greed and hatred for each another. It is the violence of many humans that can lead them into doing such â€Å"unforgivable† acts. In both the plays, William Shakespeare and Arthur Miller with their famous novels, The Merchant of Venice and The Crucible, have shown how Grudges and Rivalries can cause such destruction in the lives of the people and the society in this play. In The Merchant of Venice, Grudges and Personal Rivalries in the trial scene has clearly been expressed with Shylock and Antonio. The central part and the twist of this novel are primarily caused by the rivalries between Shylock and Antonio. The â€Å"merry bond† that Antonio signed to help his dearest friend, Bassanio, was the main reason of the trial scene. According to Antonio, â€Å"Content in faith. I’ll seal to such a bond, and say there is much kindness in the Jew† (1.3.163-164) The bond which Antonio had willingly accepted was that if he failed to pay back 3 thousand ducats in 3 months, Shylock had the right to cut a pound of flesh from his body. As Antonio was a rich merchant and had plenty of ships coming in, with 9 times the money of the loan, he found no difficulty in accepting the bond. However, times were unfortunate forShow MoreRelatedThe Merchant Of Venice And The Crucible1491 Words   |  6 Pagesworks: The Merchant of Venice and The Crucible re spectively. They emphasize this thesis through examples of love, friendship, power and Christianity. Even though love and friendship are regarded as two forms of relationships where no one seeks any pragmatical purpose, in fact they covertly embody different sorts of self-interest. The triangular relationship among Antonio, Bassanio and Portia in The Merchant of Venice and the friendship between Abigail Williams and the girls in The Crucible are bothRead MoreMerchant of Venice and the Crucible Comparison Essay1691 Words   |  7 Pagessociety will fall apart and be unable to maintain balance and stability. In William Shakespeare’s The Merchant of Venice and Arthur Miller’s The Crucible the reader sees examples of injustice inflicted on the victims within the plays through the people with power within the community. The Christians in The Merchant of Venice mock Shylock the Jew countless times while the high court in The Crucible believe citizens are practicing witchcraft without a proper testimony. In both situations, the ChristiansRead MoreSelf Interest : The Enemy Of True Affection1086 Words   |  5 Pagesseemingly many humans enter into a relationship for that purpose. In both the plays, the Merchant of Venice and The Crucible has depicted the role of self-interest in human relationships. They emphasize this theme through examples of love, friendship, power. The relationship between Portia, Bassanio and Antonio in The Merchant of Venice and the friendship between Abigail Williams and all the girls in The Crucible are both based on selfish motives. Bassanio asks Antonio for money in order to marry PortiaRead MoreSelf Interest, The Enemy Of True Affection1228 Words   |  5 Pagesboth the plays, William Shakespeare with his famous piece, the Merchant of Venice and Arthur Miller with his famous play, The Crucible have depicted the role of self-interest in human relationships. They emphasize this theme through examples of love, friendship, power The triangular relationship between Antonio, Bassanio and Portia in The Merchant of Venice and the friendship between Abigail Williams and all the girls in The Crucible are both based on selfish motives. Bassanio asks Antonio for moneyRead MoreSelf Interest, The Enemy Of True Affection1199 Words   |  5 Pagesit. In both the plays, William Shakespeare with his famous piece, the Merchant of Venice and Arthur Miller with his famous play, The Crucible has depicted the role of self-interest in human relationships. They emphasize this theme from examples of love, friendship, power The relationship between Antonio, Bassanio and Portia in The Merchant of Venice and the friendship between Abigail Williams and all the girls in The Crucible are both based on selfish motives. Bassanio asks Antonio for money in orderRead MoreThe Crucible by Arthur Miller993 Words   |  4 Pagesthere are certain plays that stuck out. Merchant of Venice, Hamlet, and The Importance of Being Earnest were among some of these plays from this semester. However, one of my personal favorites is The Crucible. I was able to uncover many themes from this play such as secret sin, lies and deceit, and religion. The Crucible stood out to me from the rest of the plays. I was able to relate to it on a greater scale than the others, and the story behind the Crucible interested me very much. Also I noticeRead MoreA Brief History Of The Greenock Steamship1920 Words   |  8 Pagestheirs were some of the finest sailing ships the world over. After 1740, when Glasgow had grown rich on the tobacco trade, it quickly became a hub of business and trade. As a natural consequence of this, Glasgow and the towns of the Clyde formed a crucible of ideas and innovation. One such innovation was the steam engine. Its first practical application to a ship came in 1801 when Charlotte Dundas steamed along the Forth and Clyde Canal to Glasgow in 1801. In 1812, PS Comet com-menced Europe’s firstRead MoreEssay Prompts4057 Words   |  17 PagesDying The Mill on the Floss The Awakening Moby-Dick Billy Budd Mrs. Dalloway Bleak House Native Son Bless Me,Ultima One Hundred Years of Solitude Catch-22 Othello Crime and Punishment The Scarlet Letter The Crucible Slaughterhouse-Five A Farewell to Arms Song of Solomon Ghosts The Stone Angel The Great Gatsby The Stranger Heart of Darkness A Tale of Two Cities The House of Mirth Their Eyes Were Watching God Jude the ObscureRead MoreReading Key3881 Words   |  16 Pages(covered in wild grapes- hence the name vinland) Crusaders: 1300’s crusaders seeking to free holy land from Muslim control. This gave Europe a taste for foreign goods i.e: ilk, spices, drugs, perfumes- ***sugar Merchants ought cheaper means for the transportation of goods. Venice: Italian trading city Genoa: Italian trading city Describe the impact of sugar and the development of Europe’s â€Å"sweet tooth† on the colonization of the Americas. 5. What caused Europeans to begin exploring? Read MoreLangston Hughes Research Paper25309 Words   |  102 Pagesnothing but their food. The ship plowed south and east through heavy storms, along the Gold Coast, anchoring at various ports, and finally stopping at Lagos, Nigeria, a former slave market, now a British mercantile center. Moslem and Christian merchants traded with African tribesmen. Everyone was engaged in buying or selling. Then the ship continued to Port Harcourt, located in the mouth of the Niger River. When the Hesseltine crossed the equator, Hughes shipmates initiated him as a Son of Neptune

Ethical Dilemmas Right And Wrong - 1983 Words

Ethical Dilemmas Right and Wrong It’s quite often that I cross a dilemma. Most of the times it’s something so simple as, how am I going to get my two kids to practice at the same time, in different places. It’s not often that I come across an ethical dilemma. â€Å"Ethics involves making moral judgements about what is right or wrong, good or bad† (Banks,2). Banks says that â€Å"an ethical dilemma arises only when a decision must be made that involves a conflict at the personal, interpersonal, institutional, or societal level or raises issues of rights or moral character (Banks,12).† This statement all boils down to what the decision is. Everyday we have to make decisions that involve other people, and as for me, I am always mentally aware, and prepared to abide by the good, and correct or right way. As life has it though, we are not always able to provide the right answers, and sometimes find ourselves in situations that don’t line up with our morals. Itâ₠¬â„¢s all about how we handle those times. I also feel that sometimes bad things have to happen to get good things to happen. It’s such of that as if someone goes to jail for beating up a man that was beating a woman. Yes, it’s wrong to beat the living crap out of someone, but if you saved that woman for even just a few minutes it might be worth it to you. I think this is why I enjoyed the books. It shows that sometimes things have to be handled or are handled in what society deems wrong or not moral. For me these books showed whatShow MoreRelatedMoral Dilemmas673 Words   |  3 PagesMoral Dilemmas Moral Dilemmas Introduction Moral dilemmas are situations, which cause conflicts, and the decision made, can breach one or another principle or claim. The action taken by the subject can be something wrong or something undermining another option. Dilemmas cause conflicts where the subject has to settle on the appropriate action to be followed for certain options available; hence unable to decide the course of action to pursue. They are moral dilemmas because they conflict withRead MoreBook Review: How Godd People Make Tough Choices Essay1043 Words   |  5 PagesTOUGH CHOICES This book is aimed at helping people make ethical choices, through a readable mixture of analysis, guidance, and case studies. It was easy for me to identify with the case studies. The basic premise is that tough choices revolve not around questions of right vs. wrong rather tough choices revolve around questions of right vs. right. Based on study of thousands of real ethical dilemmas, Kidder presents four ethical paradigm pairs: Truth vs. loyalty Individual vs. community Read MoreMoral Dilemmas At The Yorktown Gym1245 Words   |  5 PagesMoral Dilemmas In the Workplace: Yorktown Gym Ethical dilemmas can arise in any situation and they can happen in a group setting or an individual setting. Workplace dilemmas can occur at any time and can appear as minor situations, or they can be a more serious situation. In individual settings, ethical dilemmas may seem more prominent and harder to determine what the right action to take would actually be, because no one else is present to say whether something is right or wrong. This is the situationRead MoreCritical Analysis of Ethical Relativism Essay1069 Words   |  5 PagesWhen it comes to moral dilemmas between cultures, there is a grey area that can sometimes make it difficult to resolve issues surrounding the dilemma. What is morality? How is it possible to know what is morally correct when cultures differ so vastly? To answer these questions, and many more regarding the moral dilemmas in the world, there are theories that have been developed to resolve them. One example is known as Ethical Relativism. Ethical Relati vism has been developed on the basis that thereRead MoreAssiginment 1 Ethical1713 Words   |  7 Pagesï » ¿ Assignment 1 Ethical Dilemmas Legal and Social 115103 Coordinator Name: Jackie Loong Student ID 10189179 Number of words: 1651 Date: 20th August 2013 The definition of an ethical dilemma is a situation that involves conflict between moral imperatives in a way to obey each other. (Shaw,Barry and Sansbury,2009) There is no right or wrong answer when decisions are made. In this situation of the case we have Mike, who is a new accounts payable employee of the soft wear salesRead MoreThe Ethical Dilemma Of Jean Mcguire Essay1690 Words   |  7 Pagesfacing an ethical dilemma. This dilemma will be subsequently discussed using the Kantian perspective and the contrasting utilitarian perspective. The nature of an ethical dilemma according to Rossy (2011) is that the ‘right’ thing to do is not clear and resolution is neither simple nor easy. Jean is being asked to use closing techniques she isn’t comfortable with; at first glance it may appear to be a clear choice not to use the deceptive techniques. However, as a single mother the right choice forRead MoreAbortion Ethical Dilemma1643 Words   |  7 Pages Ethical Dilemma An 18 year old girl gets pregnant and can’t decide whether to keep the baby or have an abortion. Her parents are very religious and do not believe in sex before marriage therefore would not take to kindly to their daughter being pregnant. She does not want to kill her unborn child but feels like there is no other option besides having an abortion. There are many reasons that one would decide upon getting an abortion and against having one. This ethical dilemmaRead MoreEthical Dilemma1731 Words   |  7 PagesEthical Dilemma (Author’s name) (Institutional Affiliation) Abstract This research paper seeks to resolve a particular case of an ethical dilemma. This has been necessitated by the fact that ethical dilemmas are a recurrent part of life. Moreover, ethical dilemmas have become a key point of argument in the field of ethics and interestingly, philosophy as well (Garsten Hernes, 2009). As an inividual, I find myself facing moral dilemma situation quite frequently which makes the explorationRead MoreWhat’s Written Versus Reality: Ethical Dilemmas In A Hi-Tech Public Relations Firm1465 Words   |  6 PagesAmid the scandals caused by lack of honest and open communication are the ethical blunders of public relations firms themselves. There is a considerable body of evidence emerging to suggest that modern public relations support trends of unethical practices such as lying, falsifying documents, and even espionage. Current research shows that there can be no ethical public relations because the practice itself is known for its manipulation an d propaganda. Public Relations, Inc. (PRI) a disguised U.SRead MoreEthical Dilemmas Of A Drug Company s Regional Sales Manager1748 Words   |  7 Pagescan be hard to make a decision, especially when an ethical dilemma is involved. Ethical dilemmas pose a challenge because there is good to be found with both choices. The problem arises when one’s personal ethics are challenged. This paper will discuss an ethical dilemma with which a drug company’s regional sales manager was faced. It will discuss: the case and explain the ethical dilemma; the four functions of management; ethical issues; ethical relativism; four values; case resolutions; and Christian

What Are the Limitations of Qualitative Research Methods free essay sample

What are the uses and limitations of qualitative research methods for the social scientific study of crime and its control? One definition of crime is â€Å"behaviour that breaks the criminal law. † Crime is constantly changing because of our ever changing society; things that were not considered a crime become so. Though most people would argue that a criminal is someone who breaks the law; many people will break the law at some point in their lives and not be regarded as a criminal. The police are constantly applying different methods to control crime. â€Å"Crime control is a reconfigured complex of interlocking structures and strategies that are themselves composed of old and new elements, the old revised and reoriented by a new operation context (Garland, 2001: 23). There are a range of methods and forms of data used such as, ethnography, documentary/textual analysis, and focus group interviewing that provide ways of dealing with the problem of crime. We will write a custom essay sample on What Are the Limitations of Qualitative Research Methods? or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Qualitative research plays a significant role in reducing crime; offering rich insights into the way people’s attitudes, beliefs and values determine their actions; and so is extremely important. Qualitative research is more concerned with what governs human behaviour rather than the blunt facts. In this way, qualitative research goes beyond the statistics and data which is the focus of quantitative researchers. Qualitative research starts from people’s expressions and activities in their local contexts. Crime statistics are fundamental in determining the level, pattern and trends of crime. Official crime statistics are conducted by the police; these statistics in effect deal with all recorded crime. However, there are major concerns with the recorded crime data. Firstly, as officials only record reported crime, it is the decision of the victim whether or not they report the crime to the police. Victims may feel that the crime is insignificant and would be wasting police time. Or even that the police may not being able to resolve the crime. Moreover, the victims may feel embarrassed or ashamed of the crime that they have been casualty of. For this reason, there is an estimated fifty per cent of unreported crime that criminologist’s term as ‘the dark figure. ’ Qualitative research provides a means of researching the ‘dark figure of crime’ Using surveys like the British Crime Survey provides a more accurate representation of the true extent of crime than police statistics. The British Crime survey asks a random section of the population about their experience of crime in the previous twelve months which produces a more realistic picture of all private households in England and Wales. Newburn, 2007) However, there are major concerns with this type of research; the evidence is some what subjective. The evidence is drawn from the public and so the data used is predisposed and for this reason is not easily classifiable. The British Crime survey disregards crimes committed against business premises and homeless people. Therefore there are a vast number of crimes not being taken into account for. Furthermore, there lies a problem with the accuracy of the ‘self survey. There is potential for exaggeration, forgetfulness and misunderstanding and so this limits the truthfulness of these statistics. (Treadwell, 2004) There has been research conducted to unveil the dark figure and see what types of criminal behaviour that has remained largely hidden from official view. The Qualitative research used such as participant observation, interviews based on ‘snowball’ samples and the analysis of newspaper stories revealed an insight into illegal activities that did not appear in police records. Maguire, 2008) The sociologists Kitsuse and Cicourel argue that crime statistics represent the organisational processes at work in the criminal justice system where in not all criminal acts are recorded. The research method being ‘method validity’ means questioning official statistics to gain a more accurate evaluation of the social world as it is, or what people think it is. (Jupp, 1989) Quantitative tradition is closely linked to positivism; which has been adopted to study a wide range of social phenomenon. Positivism can be described as a way of thinking about the basis on which knowledge can be classified as scientific. And that scientific knowledge has the ability to measure criminal behaviour and nature of criminal behaviour using secondary statistical data and methods linked with the biological, psychological and sociological knowledge to identify key causes of crime. In this way, scientific knowledge could ultimately provide universal explanations of crime that would apply to all situations and therefore is always objective. (Walklate, 1998). Quantitative research continues to be conducted in riminology but no longer adheres to a narrow positivist research tradition in which a casual explanation is used for crime. Instead, quantitative researchers take into account the vast amount of factors that may influence or cause crime. Similarly, qualitative research is significant due to the growth in new theoretical perspectives; qualitative researchers have moved away from causes of crime to exploring the process by which crimes are created and social reactions to crime. For some criminological researchers, adhere strictly to either qualitative or quantitative methodology. However, some criminological researchers argue that Qualitative and quantitative methods are complimentary rather than competitive approaches. It is sufficient that a study involving qualitative interviews will produce some basic quantitative data. For example, number of interviewees who identified the same issues as important. Secondly, we might use the same data collection methods such as the face to face interview to generate both qualitative and quantitative data by including a range of questions some open ended, others fixed choice. Thirdly, we might use two different methods, one that will produce qualitative data for example focus groups and another quantitative data for example structured observation. (Noaks and Wincup, 2004). Qualitative and quantitative research helps to inform the development of policies of crime control because both types of research provides a way of identifying emerging crime problems which may concern specific types of crime, groups of known offenders and locations. Due to both types of research there are now ways of deploying resources to deal with the problem of crime. For example, police forces have developed more sophisticated ways of collecting data and analysing the data for operational use. (Maguire, 2006) The preoccupation of qualitative researchers is to use a variety of strategies and methods to collect and analyse a variety of empirical materials. Data can take the form of field notes, interview transcripts, transcribed recordings of naturally occurring interactions, documents and pictures. Qualitative researchers aim to get close the criminal’s view of the social world and make the subject feel as though they are in natural context. For example, a qualitative research strategy is the use of focus groups; focus groups encourage participants to react to each other and to be aware of what others might think and might say. The researchers aim to diminish the role of the observer or facilitator to ensure that the social interaction within the group is something that is equivalent to a research social situation. Qualitative research is closely associated with ethnography which involves overt or covert participant observation. Covert observation is used when access would not otherwise have been possible. With overt participant observation, access is more likely to be regulated by a key person. (Bryman, 2001) Ethnography is the study of people and groups in their natural settings and for this reason is one of the most influential qualitative research method in criminology. The researcher spends prolonged periods of time in order to gather data about their day to day activities (Treadwell, 2004). The use of interviews and the analysis of documents are incorporated into this kind of participatory research design wherein they hold out the promise of further knowledge. Flick, 1998) In order to understand crime as a social phenomenon, it is central that the reconstructions of everyday life of crime to reflect how closely deviant patterns of behaviour and how social structures are tied together. An example of an ethnographic study is one that is conducted by Neil Selwyn who studied the victimisation of undergraduate students. The study looks at why students fall victim, students attitude to crime and what kind of crime is most probable. The study uses qualitative research in order to gain an understanding of the crime being perpetrated. The research method used is a two page self report questionnaire offering thirteen types of crime that the student may have been involved in. A sample of undergraduates participated in at the end of the autumn term in 2005/2006 academic year. The qualitative data clearly outlines that crime is an accepted element of student life. The use of the qualitative research is that crime can be reduced by addressing the patterns of victimisation. The key findings that stood out in the research is criminal damage was the most likely, higher grade students were less likely to be involved in crime and ethnic crime were of the highest. Using this analysis, more awareness can be created in the aim of bringing crime levels for students lower. (Selwyn, 2009) However, a limitation of this study is the accuracy of the self report questionnaire. Though ethnographic studies may show flexibility towards the subject under study; it also holds the danger of a methodological uncertainty. Since, the questionnaire is filled in by the students there will always be a case of whether they were filled in with absolute honesty. The students may have exaggerated or even been ashamed of the crimes they have witnessed or been a part of. Due to this, the crime data is not wholly accurate. Moreover, there is a problem of subjectivity. The experience of the crime that the student has been involved in is only available to them and so we are not gaining an understanding of what they understand. From this study it is apparent that students accept crime as part of a student lifestyle and therefore accept being potential victims of crime. It is clear that the data raises some obvious practical opportunities for organisations to address to bring about controlling these crimes. However, the main importance that needs to be addressed is the student’s attitudes towards crime whilst at university. Clearly it is there accepting attitude of crime that needs to change. Therefore it can be argued that qualitative research method has brought this to attention and as a result brought about a need for more crime awareness for students and encouragement to report a crime. It can be brought to attention for the university authorities to promote responsible drinking, offer more security around campuses and offer victim support. Selwyn, 2009) In conclusion, a use of qualitative data is that it provides a valid representation of the social World; through the use of ‘method validity. ’ Qualitative research is concerned with exploring the process of crime and the social reactions to crime rather than a positivism approach which looks at secondary research in order to explain the cause of crime. Ethnographic research is important qualitative method as it looks to describe a variety of aspects and norms of a cultural group to enhance understanding of the people being studied. Even though this type of research is used to bring alight crimes that are not recorded there is still major concerns as to whether we can trust people’s reports on crimes. For example, the self report questionnaire leads to suspicion as to whether the subjects are fully truthful in their answers. Another major limitation is the observational method; observations are generally limited to descriptions of what happens in small groups of people, which also limits the ability to generalize the results. However, the observation method is superior to other methods of data collection because it describes actual behaviour in a given situation and reflects the emotions that are involved whereas surveys generally provide far less data. In addition, case studies such as the ‘victimisation of students’ provide an easily understood document that gives additional meaning and value to statistical data from surveys. Moreover, focus groups encourage participants to talk about topics they normally would not discuss with strangers. Qualitative research is fundamental to the social scientific study of crime because the methods used enable the researchers to understand the process of crime and then be able to develop policies in order to control the crime that is being committed.