The Vulnerabilities of Port Systems to Disruption

Secure Freight Initiative of SFI is a program developed by the Department of Homeland Security of the United States. SFI has an objective to ensure the security of cargos under the Container Security Initiative and the security of the importers. SFI is enforced with the help of technology using radiation for the inspection of containers in the ports (Secure Freight Initiative, 2015).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Vulnerabilities of Port Systems to Disruption specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This kind of inspection is perceived to be more efficient due to its non-intrusive character. The function of Secure Freight Initiative is to make sure that the shipments coming from abroad are safe. In other words, the main objective of SFI is risk prevention. Currently, the program is at the test stage. It is employed in such foreign ports as Port Qasim in Pakistan, Southampton in the United Kingdom, and Puerto Cortes in Honduras (Secure Freight Initiative, 2015). Soon, ports in Korea, Singapore and Oman are planning to become a part of the program. There are several potential vulnerabilities to disruption under SFI: Slowed down inspection due to the new system and technology that is unfamiliar to the users and is likely to have multiple malfunctions during the first years of use. The absence of a fixed protocol outlining clear instructions as to the ports’ actions in various situations, constant change of protocols, and the need to wait for the response from the United States. The potential decrease in the popularity of the ports that are using the new technology as its malfunctions and delays may make the ports unattractive for the clients so they would develop different routes avoiding these ports. C-TPAT or Customs-Trade Partnership Against Terrorism serves to protect that global trades for the threats presented by the terrorism and provide security to the United States and the count ries around (C-TPAT: Customs-Trade Partnership Against Terrorism, n. d.). One of the challenges C-TPAT faces is the provision of security and safeguarding trading operations without slowing down the economic interactions between the countries. Unlike SFI focusing only on the maritime cargo transportation, C-TPAT covers the representatives of all transportation modes cruising between the USA and its neighbors such as Canada and Mexico (C-TPAT: Customs-Trade Partnership Against Terrorism, n. d.). Ever since the partnership first began to function in 2001, multiple entities have joined. Today, the partnership is going beyond the borders of the USA and the surrounding countries turning into a global initiative. The participators of C-TPAT are obliged to protect their supply chain. In terms of the port security, C-TPAT faces such challenges as the allocation of space for the scanning equipment, the maintenance of the equipment in ports that are situated in the third world states (it is i mportant to keep in mind that many of the world’s countries have extreme weather conditions), funding and financing of the project in terms of the purchase of the equipment, additional staffing, and coaching.Advertising Looking for essay on homeland security? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In addition, C-TPAT has to deal with the privacy concerns as the cargo scanning operations assume working with very important data that requires appropriate protection. In fact, even the procedure of entering C-TPAT by different participants relies on the collection of privacy data about the traders’ and carriers’ backgrounds. All of the challenges mentioned above slow down the trading operations and make the potential participants reluctant about joining C-TPAT. As a result, to avoid the disruption of the trading operations, the partnership is to develop a set of clear policies and rules as to the areas representing ch allenges. Reference List C-TPAT: Customs-Trade Partnership Against Terrorism. (n. d.). Retrieved from https://www.cbp.gov/border-security/ports-entry/cargo-security/ctpat Secure Freight Initiative. (2015). Retrieved from https://www.dhs.gov/secure-freight-initiative This essay on The Vulnerabilities of Port Systems to Disruption was written and submitted by user ShaneYamada-Jones to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

The Pain Of Animals essays

The Pain Of Animals essays The Pain of Animals is an excellent article written by David Suzuki, which among other issues focuses on and raises questions about the pain animals feel and suffer for the benefit of human scientific research. Other views discussed are Davids personal David talks about an experience he had growing up as a young boy hunting game in the wild with his BB gun and eventually, as a teenager moving up to a 22-caliber rifle. He saw an advertisement for a slingshot and decided to order it. After weeks of practice he felt ready to hunt live game with his new weapon and skills. He came across a squirrel, which as he puts it, was doing whatever squirrels do and began to pursue his prey. After cornering his hunt in a tree the squirrel began crying and sobbing. The sound of the squirrel being scared to death had such a strong effect on young David that he Fishing was the only form of animal catching David continued to perform. David had never fished for sport, nor did he believe in it. For David fishing for consumption was the only form of fishing he involved himself in, with the exception of one occasion, while taping a television report on the science of fly fishing. During the taping he was required to catch the fish and release them all back into the water. The sight of the markings on the mouths of the fish was so disturbing to him that he never considered the While spending a weekend on the Queen Charlotte Islands, David had the opportunity to watch grey whales from up close. Observing the whales in the wild was nothing like hed seen in the Vancouver Public Aquarium. No matter how large the aquarium, it could never compare to the freedom and happiness their relatives had in their David raises an excellent point when he discusses that ...

ART_Compare and Contrast Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

ART_Compare and Contrast - Essay Example The dull texture portrayed in â€Å"The oath of Horati" portraying sadness and the smooth, dull texture in the "Women on Algiers† portray a relaxed mood (Getlein, p. 217). The Work by Jacques-Louis David, Oath of Horati, depicts a picture of three soldiers, one carrying a spear and a picture of an elderly man carrying three swords saluting each other in a solidarity show. It shows four women, out of whom one has a child. There are also a picture of a "wall and pillars" depicting the scene occurring in a hall. The Cultural similarities in the two types of painting can be depicted by the manner of the dressing. In The painting by Jacques Louis David, Oath of Horati, which portrayed ancient Rome, women are shown to have won long dresses, possibly made of silk, the same can be said of the kind of dresses won by the women on Algiers. The differences between North African Culture and Western Cultures as shown in the two paintings are portrayed as how men treat their women. In North Africa, Women are treated better. They are allowed to enjoy themselves in specific areas. They are given slaves or Servants; this is shown on the painting, Women on Algiers. The work by Eugene Delacroix is a perfect work of art. He has managed to depict his theme/subject matter by effectively using the visual elements and design of painting. The painter has managed to bring out the relaxed emotion of the ladies in the harem by effective use of light and color. A larger percentage of this painting is colored in dark. An overlapped use of color has created a vibrant canvas therefore bringing out the subject of sexuality. The Painting by Jacques David is neo-classical. Emphasis is on the fore-ground as opposed on the background and this portrays the importance of patriotism (Getlein, 312). The author has successfully depicted the theme by using dull colors. The

History of America Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

History of America - Essay Example The total population rose by 13 million within this decade to 76 million. By 1907, 1 million people were arriving from Europe every year. Industrialization came early in the United States and it forged ahead consistently. Between 1870 and 1914, industrial output trebled. The nation never looked back. Industries such as the automobiles made their way and quickly increased in value and output. The car industry was introduced into the United States by Henry Ford. Post 1945, American science and industry flourished. The U.S. economy quadrupled, and the real income of the average American family doubled. Today, the country is still a major power politically and economically, and is a world leader in technology and space research. Between 1965 and 1973, Americans fought in South Vietnam in an attempt to prevent the unification of the country under communist North Vietnam control. The war ended disastrously for the Americans under Richard Nixon. Nixon ordered the bombing of North Vietnam, but ultimately wilted under pressure at home and abroad.

The importance of reading Essay Example for Free

The importance of reading Essay Reading has at all times and in all ages been a source of knowledge, of happiness, of pleasure and even moral courage. In todays world with so much more to know and to learn and also the need for a conscious effort to conquer the divisive forces, the importance of reading has increased. In the olden days if reading was not cultivated or encouraged, there was a substitute for it in the religious sermon and in the oral tradition. The practice of telling stories at bed time compensated to some extent for the lack of reading. In the nineteenth century Victorian households used to get together for an hour or so in the evenings and listen to books being read aloud. But today we not only read, we also want to read more and more and catch up with the events taking place around us. The various courses and classes being conducted in rapid reading support this belief. A person who is widely read is able to mix with others: he is a better conversationalist than those who do not read. He can stand his ground. Reading broadens the vision. it is in a way a substitute for travel. It is not possible to travel as much as one would like to and reading can fill in the gap created by the lack of travel. Reading, as Bacon wrote in his essay. Of Studies. maketh a full man: conference a ready man: and writing an exact man. Thus a widely-read man is a better conversationalist and is able to see the other point of view. Literature is a form of art which can cross barriers and if one does not know the language in which a piece of literature is written, one is willing sometimes to learn the language. Even if one does not learn a  language one reads the literary work in translation. This contributes to the growth of understanding and tolerance amongst people. Reading also helps one to see the present in relation to the past and the future, and thus develop a historical perspective. Care is needed to ensure that reading does not become a substitute for real life. The moment one ceases to enjoy the ordinary pleasures and happiness of life and is content to enjoy them vicariously through fictional and historical representations, one loses all the benefits of reading and loses contact with life. With the cinema and television taking up a great deal of attention of children, teenagers and even adults, the habit of serious reading is dying out. People are content to read abridged versions. see films, go through illustrated comics and be content. But just as reading should not become a substitute for the joy of living or drive out the other forms of entertainment, other substitutes should not be accepted for the pleasure of reading which lies in the act itself. One may be selective, may be discriminating but no one can afford to shut himself off from this rich and ever-growing world of literature.

Textual Analysis of Epic of Gilgamesh and Book of Genesis of the Holy B

A Textual Analysis of Genesis and the Epic of Gilgamesh The stories of the floods found in both Gilgamesh and Genesis contain many striking similarities that are inevitably beyond mere coincidence. One could surmise that both of these stories might have a basis in common historical occurrence. However, despite the fact that both of these works discuss a common topic, the portrayal of this event is quite different. Like identical twins raised in different cultures, the expressions of these works are products of their environment. The focus of this analysis is on Genesis (chapter 7) and Gilgamesh (lines 1 - 25). These two different passages will be analyzed to relate each document and how the author's worldview shapes his account of the flood. First we shall examine the background of text so that we might understand how the culture and society had an impact on the works. The story of Gilgamesh supposedly started to take form around the year 2500 B.C., but was not written down until about 1300 B.C. The epic was passed down and developed in oral form for approximately one thousand years. As a result, the story must have changed drastically from the original, until it was finally written down on Sumerian clay tablets. The Old Testament of the Bible, which includes the Book of Genesis, was also passed down through oral tradition before the Hebrews wrote it down from 1000-300 B.C. Both of these documents express the religious attitudes of these people as their story of the creation of the world and of humankind unfolds. So let's look at how these two selected passages allude to the nature of the works as they each give account of the great flood that kills all of mankind. The author of Gilgamesh portrays ... ...a "stupor of despair went up to heaven" and "even the gods were terrified and the flood, they fled to the highest heaven." This apparently shows that the society in which Gilgamesh was written had little faith in the ability of the gods to control their anger or their own powers. It is this lack of faith, which contributes to the morose undertones of this epic. Through analyzing passages from both works, one can see how the author's environment and worldview has helped to shape the style and mood of each text. Both texts share a common event although told through different cultures. Even more, the unique perspectives of this tale help to develop the whole ambience of each document. Eac author unknowingly leaks valuable insight about his time and culture into his account to be locked in time for thousands of years. Now that's something real special. Â  

Attitude Theories – Essay

Attitude Theories Attitudes are our positive and negative evaluation of a situation or object. Attitudes can be divided into three distinct components the cognitive, affective and the behavioral. They may take the form of the implicit attitude, explicit attitude and the dual attitude. The components of attitudes are the cognitive which helps people structure the world to make sense to them, the affective which helps people cope with emotional conflicts and the behavior helps people achieve rewards and gain approval from others. One way that attitudes can be formed is through the classical conditioning theory. Classical conditioning is â€Å"learning through association when a neutral conditioned stimulus is paired with an unconditioned stimulus that naturally produces an emotional response† (Franzoi 2010,p. 157). Classical Conditioning is the affective component of attitudes. An example of classical conditioning would be â€Å"the soft click of the switch that turns on a noisy bathroom fan would have little effect on your behavior. After the click a conditioned has been paired with a loud noise an unconditioned on several occasions you might begin to react to the click alone conditioned response† (Bacon and Kalsher, 2008, p. 161). Another example would be the famous study the dogs salivating at the saw or smelled food but not tasted it. Then they salivated at the sight the person bringing the food. Classical conditioning can be very useful in helping in the learning in shaping attitudes to protect us from overcoming certain fears in life and also help acquire aversion to certain foods. Classical conditioning is a gradual process. Using this conditioning can help shape, form different attitudes in many of life situations. Classical conditioning of attitudes occurs below the level of conscious awareness. The other very influential way to shape attitude is the Operant conditioning form of learning. Through the behavioral component (Franzoi, 2010, p. 158). The Operant conditioning is a type of learning attitudes in which behavior is strengthened if followed by reinforcement maintain, changed and weaken if ollowed by punishment through consequences. Operant conditioning occurs when some action towards an object is rewarded or reinforced. Doing this enough times, the subject will do probably repeat it in the future. Also if behavior is not rewarded or is punished then future actions are less likely to occur. An example of a positive operant conditioning would be related to basic biological needs. Positive reinforcement include food when you are angry and conditioned rein forces include money, status, trophies and praises from others. When we hear† you must clean your room before you watch TV† (Bacon and Kalsher, 2008, p. 172). This can shape a person’s attitude. A negative example of this â€Å"stimuli, other subway riders are moving away to escape the stench of a person’s cologne† (Bacon and Kalsher, 2008, p. 173). When people ride in the future they will remember that person and avoid them. This would definitely shape one’s attitude towards this person. Doing well will help shape attitude about eating habits. Since, they did not have a good experience with bad situations that will also shape attitudes. We can use the operant conditioning in teaching techniques such as learning computers, aggressive driving, traffic safety and all goal oriented tasks. In conclusion we have discussed how attitudes can take form. They shape through the implicit attitude form which is activated automatically from our memory or through the explicit attitude which is consciously held. These attitudes are seen in classical, operant conditioning. References Bacon, R. and Kalsher, M, (2008). Psychology: From Science to Practice 2nd Boston, MA: Allyn and Bacon Franoi, S. (2010). Social Psychology 5th Ed.